ABSTRACT
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to see the effect of parenteral testosterone injection on penile length, glans diameter, and diameter at the base of the penis in hypospadias patients before surgery. Material and Methods: The study was conducted from September 2019 to March 2021. This study comprised a total of 20 hypospadias patients. At a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight, an injection testosterone propionate was administered deep intramuscularly in three doses with a 3-week gap before reconstructive surgery. Before surgery, the penile length, glans diameter, and penile diameter at the base of the penis were all measured. Results: The mean increase in penile length, glans diameter, and diameter at the base of penis following parenteral testosterone therapy was 1.07 ± 0.23 cm (P < 0.001), 1.01 ± 0.46 cm (P < 0.001), and 0.92 ± 0.12 cm (P < 0.001), respectively. All three measurements were statistically significant. Conclusion: Intramuscular testosterone increased penis size, glans diameter, and penile diameter without causing any notable side effects. Development of fine pubic hair, acne, and aggressiveness is minor adverse effects.
ABSTRACT
Background: Epidemiological studies and clinical trials have shown that meticulous control of blood pressure is required in patients with hypertension to ensure decreased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Objective: To compare the effect of Metoprolol and Telmisartan on blood pressure reduction and heart rate in patients of Stage I Hypertension. Material and Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, open, parallel study conducted at the outpatient department of Medicine. Patients of either sex with Grade I Hypertension according to JNC VII, aged between 18-60 years were enrolled and followed up every 2 weeks from baseline till 12 weeks. Patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive tablet Metoprolol 50 mg (Group A, n=30) and Telmisartan 40 mg (Group B, n=30) once a day. Response to study treatments was evaluated in terms of decrease in Blood pressure and heart rate. Results were analysed using Student’s ‘t’ test. Results: Baseline characters of both the groups were well balanced. Systolic Blood Pressure was reduced by 7.5 % from Metoprolol and 12.9% by Telmisartan and Diastolic Blood Pressure was reduced by 8.2% in group A and 13.6% in group B. Both the drugs leads to significant reductions (i.e. P <0.05) in systolic as wel as diastolic BP. Heart rate reduction was significant and was observed to be more with the Metoprolol group i.e. 15.2% reduction as compared to 9.1% reduction with Telmisartan. Conclusion: Telmisartan is a better choice than Metoprolol in Indian Population for treating Grade I hypertension as it leads to greater reduction in Blood Pressure and less effect on Heart rate.